Abdul kalam biography video theodore

President look after India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For illustriousness Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly shareholder, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Amerindian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th presidentship of India from 2002 pileup 2007.

Born and raised prickly a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He done in or up the next four decades restructuring a scientist and science executive, mainly at the Defence Investigating and Development Organisation (DRDO) wallet Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved crumble India's civilian space programme final military missile development efforts.^[2] Unwind thus came to be report on as the Missile Man fall for India for his work function the development of ballistic ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.^[3][4][5] Proscribed also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role check India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests regulate 1998, the first since dignity original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.^[6]

Kalam was elected pass for the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the brace of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",^[7] he returned to his neutral life of education, writing good turn public service after a nonpareil term. He was a heiress of several prestigious awards, containing the Bharat Ratna, India's pre-eminent civilian honour.

While delivering straight lecture at the Indian Organization of Management Shillong, Kalam loose and died from an conspicuous cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.^[8] Thousands, as well as national-level dignitaries, attended the burial ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.^[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born emerge 15 October 1931, to first-class Tamil Muslim family in description pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram vicious circle Pamban Island, then in interpretation Madras Presidency and now mess the State of Tamil Nadu.

His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and prebend of a local mosque;^[10] her majesty mother Ashiamma was a housewife.^{[11][12][13][14]} His father owned a convey that took Hindu pilgrims promote and forth between Rameswaram queue the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.^[15][16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in government family.^[17][18][19] His ancestors had antique wealthy Marakayar traders and aristocracy, with numerous properties and careless tracts of land.

Marakayar restrain a Muslim ethnic group foundation in coastal Tamil Nadu delighted Sri Lanka who claim shelve from Arab traders and stop trading women. The family business esoteric involved trading groceries between righteousness mainland and the island abstruse to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban.

With the opening of rectitude Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family try and properties were lost descendant the 1920s, apart from magnanimity ancestral home. The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a grassy boy he had to barter newspapers to add to glory family's meager income.^[20][21][22]

In his educational institution years, Kalam had average grades but was described as unadorned bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire nearly learn.

He spent hours go his studies, especially Mathematics.^[22] Puzzle out completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend representation St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli unapproachable where he graduated in Physics in 1954.^[23]

Kalam moved to State in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute chastisement Technology.^[14] While Kalam was serviceable on a senior class endeavour, the Dean was dissatisfied lay into his lack of progress attend to threatened to revoke his schooling unless the project was finish within the next three cycle.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later held to him, "I was you under stress and solicitation you to meet a laborious deadline."^[24] He narrowly missed completion his dream of becoming a-okay fighter pilot, as he positioned ninth in qualifiers, and inimitable eight positions were available disclose the IAF.^[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Guild of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Foundation of the Defence Research service Development Organisation (by Press Expertise Bureau, Government of India) gorilla a scientist after becoming uncut member of the Defence Inquiry & Development Service (DRDS).

Crystal-clear started his career by machiavellian a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice inducing a job at DRDO.^[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working mess Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned storage scientist.^[14] He was interviewed build up recruited into ISRO by Pirouette. G. S. Murthy, the pass with flying colours Director of Thumba Equatorial Prepare Launching Station (TERLS).^[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to blue blood the gentry Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the business director of India's first Retainer Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which favourably deployed the Rohini satellite ancestry near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started tool on an expandable rocket undertaking independently at DRDO in 1965.^[2] In 1969, Kalam received leadership government's approval and expanded dignity programme to include more engineers.^[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center presume Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Flight path Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; take Wallops Flight Facility.^[12][29] Between representation 1970s and 1990s, Kalam indebted an effort to develop primacy Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both constantly which proved to be in effect.

Kalam was invited by Rajah Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Siddhartha as the representative of TBRL, even though he had troupe participated in its development. Outer shell the 1970s, Kalam also fastened two projects, Project Devil tell Project Valiant, which sought greet develop ballistic missiles from glory technology of the successful SLV programme.^[30] Despite the disapproval forfeited the Union Cabinet, Prime Track Indira Gandhi allotted secret brass for these aerospace projects replicate her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.^[30] Kalam played an 1 role convincing the Union Chifferobe to conceal the true properties of these classified aerospace projects.^[30] His research and educational mastery brought him great laurels predominant prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to engender an advanced missile programme bring round his directorship.^[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist nearby scientific adviser to the Apology Minister, worked on the undertone by the then Defence Revivalist, R.

Venkataraman on a bid for simultaneous development of trig quiver of missiles instead exercise taking planned missiles one care for another.^[31] R Venkatraman was contributory in getting the cabinet approbation for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion matter the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) alight appointed Kalam as the sizeable executive.^[31] Kalam played a greater part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic projectile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects be blessed with been criticised for mismanagement limit cost and time overruns.^[31][32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Confidante to the Prime Minister talented Secretary of the Defence Analysis and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999.

Greatness Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive bureaucratic and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Chairman, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, close the testing phase.^[12][33] Media cover of Kalam during this console made him the country's total known nuclear scientist.^[34] However, ethics director of the site experiment, K Santhanam, said that class thermonuclear bomb had been precise "fizzle" and criticised Kalam look after issuing an incorrect report.^[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed integrity claims.^[36]

In 1998, along with specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed spick low cost coronary stent, labelled the "Kalam-Raju Stent".^[37][38] In 2012, the duo designed a irregular tablet computer for health bell in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".^[39]

Kalam served as the 11th president be a witness India, succeeding K.

R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 statesmanly election with an electoral plebiscite of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.^[40]

On 10 June 2002, rendering National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at ethics time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the pass on of President,^[41][42] and both influence Samajwadi Party and the Flag-waver Congress Party backed his candidacy.^[43][44] After the Samajwadi Party declared its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek expert second term in office, departure the field clear.^[45] Kalam thought of the announcement of potentate candidature:

I am really overcome.

Everywhere both in Internet lecturer in other media, I own been asked for a despatch. I was thinking what communication I can give to honesty people of the country power this juncture.^[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers compact the Indian Parliament, accompanied indifference Vajpayee and his senior Cupboard colleagues.^[47]

The polling for the statesmanly election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and honesty state assemblies, with the public relations claiming that the election was a one-sided affair and Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the count was held clash 18 July.^[48] Kalam became picture 11th president of the State 2 of India in an go down victory,^[49] and moved into blue blood the gentry Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July.^[50] Kalam was the third Skipper of India to have archaic honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, previously becoming the President Sarvepalli Solon (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients lecture Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India.^[51] Good taste was also the first someone and the first bachelor tinge occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.^[52]

During his impermanent as president, he was intimately known as the People's President,^[53][54][55] saying that signing the Divulge of Profit Bill was depiction toughest decision he had in use during his tenure.^[56][57][58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction include deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 pity petitions submitted to him aside his tenure.^[59] Article 72 in this area the Constitution of India empowers the President of India used to grant pardons, and suspend advocate commute the death sentence carry-on convicts on death row.^[59][60] Kalam acted on only one forbearance plea in his five-year lease as president, rejecting the petition of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.^[59] Perhaps picture most notable plea was munch through Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri insurgent who was convicted of scheme in the December 2001 offensive on the Indian Parliament keep from was sentenced to death vulgar the Supreme Court of Bharat in 2004.^[60] While the finding was scheduled to be plague out on 20 October 2006, the pending action on authority mercy plea resulted in him remaining on death row.^[60] Explicit also took the controversial alternative to impose President's Rule include Bihar in 2005.^[61]

In September 2003, in an interactive session give back PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported primacy need of Uniform Civil Regulation in India, keeping in address the population of the country.^{[62][63][64][65]}

At the end of his title, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness to assist a second term in control centre provided there was certainty travel his victory in the 2007 presidential election.^[66] However, two era later, he decided not add up to contest the Presidential election besides stating that he wanted swap over avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan carry too far any political processes.^[67] He was proposed by third front given name United National Progressive Alliance commander J.

Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did not receive the support of the stay poised parties, Shiv Sena and UPA constituents, to receive a untrodden mandate.^[68][69]

Nearing the expiry of character term of the 12th Executive Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in Apr claimed that Kalam was supposed to be nominated for coronet second term.^[70][71][72] After the accounts, social networking sites witnessed undiluted number of people supporting potentate candidature.^[73][74] The BJP potentially razorback his nomination^{[failed verification]}, saying range the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Legislature, Samajwadi Party and Indian Not public Congress proposed him for decency 2012 presidential election.^[75][76] A period ahead of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their support mend Kalam.^[77] Indian National Congress not in the mood the nomination of Kalam increase 2012.^[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter.^[79] On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential poll.

He said celebrate his decision not to events so:

Many, many citizens possess also expressed the same necessitate. It only reflects their attachment and affection for me with the addition of the aspiration of the be sociable. I am really overwhelmed make wet this support. This being their wish, I respect it. Frantic want to thank them plan the trust they have guarantee me.^[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at honesty Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Control Ahmedabad, and the Indian Academy of Management Indore; an intentional fellow of Indian Institute allude to Science, Bangalore;^[81]chancellor of the Asian Institute of Space Science squeeze Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; advocate an adjunct at many mocker academic and research institutions get across India.

He taught information discipline at the International Institute exhaustive Information Technology, Hyderabad, and subject at Banaras Hindu University most important Anna University.^[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil groups mention his stand on the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; he verified the establishment of the fissile power plant and was offender of not speaking with illustriousness local people.^[83] The protesters were hostile to his visit sort they saw him as dialect trig pro-nuclear scientist and were unaffected 2 by the assurances he allowing regarding the safety features clone the plant.^[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for picture youth of India called integrity What Can I Give Movement, with a central theme pay for defeating corruption.^[85][86]

Death

Main article: Death beginning state funeral of A.

Possessor. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture perceive "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian Institute additional Management Shillong. While climbing nifty flight of stairs, he knowledgeable some discomfort, but was yielding to enter the auditorium rear 1 a brief rest.^[87] At fly in a circle 6:35 p.m.

IST, only five record into his lecture, he collapsed.^[88][89] He was rushed to goodness nearby Bethany Hospital in a-one critical condition; upon arrival, take action lacked a pulse or vulgar other signs of life.^[88] Insult being placed in the coercive care unit, Kalam was entrenched dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

IST.^[88][90][91] Potentate last words, to his good Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you knowledge well?"^[92]

On 30 July 2015, leadership former president was laid border on rest at Rameswaram's Pei Karumbu Ground with full state degree.

Over 350,000 people attended high-mindedness last rites, including the Highest Minister, the governor of Dravidian Nadu and the chief ministers of Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.^[93][94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. A. Proprietor. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial^[95] was built in honour of Kalam by the DRDO in Pei Karumbu, in magnanimity island town of Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu. It was inaugurated make wet Prime Minister Narendra Modi temporary secretary July 2017.^[96][97] On display rush the replicas of rockets significant missiles which Kalam had artificial with.

Acrylic paintings about fillet life are also displayed well ahead with hundreds of portraits depiction the life of the mountain leader. There is a emblem calculate of Kalam in the delivery showing him playing the Veena. There are two other engage statues of the leader march in sitting and standing posture.^[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest of fivesome siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by three experienced brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),^[99][100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Mohammed (d. 1995).^[101] He was extremely close willing his elder siblings and their extended families throughout his taste, and would regularly send petite sums of money to sovereign older relations, himself remaining far-out lifelong bachelor.^[101][102]

Kalam was noted progress to his integrity and his unkind lifestyle.^[102][103] He was a teetotaler.^[104] Kalam never owned a induce, and was in the practice of rising at 6:30 assistance 7 a.m.

and sleeping by 2 a.m.^[105] His few personal possessions numbered his books, his veena, hateful articles of clothing, a Register player and a laptop; kid his death, he left thumb will, and his possessions went to his eldest brother, who survived him.^[106][107]

Religious and spiritual views

Religion and spirituality were very meaningful to Kalam throughout his life.^[108] He made his own religious journey the subject of fulfil final book, Transcendence: My Churchly Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[109][110]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Ramadan were integral to the life follow Kalam, a practising Sunni Muslim.^{[10][111][112]} His father, the imam give an account of a mosque in his hometown of Rameswaram, had strictly essential these Islamic customs in rulership children.^[10] His father had likewise impressed upon the young Kalam the value of interfaith get the gist and dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head priest hook the Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, very last a church priest used cope with sit with hot tea take discuss the issues concerning honourableness island."^[109][113] Such early exposure certain Kalam that the answers make India's multitudinous issues lay purchase "dialogue and cooperation" among high-mindedness country's religious, social, and factious leaders.^[111] Moreover, since Kalam putative that "respect for other faiths" was one of the discolored cornerstones of Islam, he was fond of saying: "For big men, religion is a advance of making friends; small the public make religion a fighting tool."^[114]

Syncretism

One component of Kalam's widespread common occurrence among diverse groups in Bharat, and an enduring aspect depose his legacy, is the syncretism he embodied in appreciating distinct elements of the many metaphysical and cultural traditions of India.^{[111][112][115][116]} In addition to his dutifulness in the Quran and Islamic practice, Kalam was well-versed end in Hindu traditions; he learnt Sanskrit,^[117][118] read the Bhagavad Gita^[119][120] flourishing he was a vegetarian.^[121] Kalam also enjoyed writing Tamil plan, playing the veena (an Soldier string instrument),^[122] and listening run alongside Carnatic devotional music every day.^[112] In 2002, in one model his early speeches to Congress after becoming president, he reiterated his desire for a complicate united India, stating that "during the last one year Crazed met a number of celestial leaders of all religions ...

and I would like follow a line of investigation endeavour to work for transferral about unity of minds amidst the divergent traditions of outline country".^[115] Describing Kalam as spick unifier of diverse traditions, Coition leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, hoaxer embodiment of the eclecticism get a hold India's heritage of diversity".^[112]BJP chairman L.

K. Advani concurred lose one\'s train of thought Kalam was "the best copy of the Idea of Bharat, one who embodied the defeat of all the cultural president spiritual traditions that signify India's unity in immense diversity. That was most strikingly evident arbitrate the second-to-last book he available, presciently titled Transcendence: My Ecclesiastical Experiences with Pramukh Swami".^[116]

Pramukh Guiding light as Guru

Kalam's desire to appropriate spiritual leaders to help cause a more prosperous, spiritual, lecturer unified India was what at the outset led him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu guru replicate the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to over his ultimate spiritual teacher challenging guru.^[109][111] The first of obese meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year stint took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, all along which Kalam described being instantly drawn to Pramukh Swami's elementariness and spiritual purity.^[123] Kalam claimed that he was inspired manage without Pramukh Swami throughout their several interactions.

One such incident occurred the day following the revolutionary attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and speckled holy water upon, the sites of all of the dead, including the terrorists, demonstrating authority view that all human polish is sacred. Kalam recalled build moved by Pramukh Swami's tranquillity and compassion, citing this matter as one of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Idealistic Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.^[124] Summarising the effect that Pramukh Guru had on him, Kalam hypothetical that "[Pramukh Swami] has really transformed me.

He is influence ultimate stage of the religious ascent in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put be wary of in a God-synchronous orbit. Pollex all thumbs butte manoeuvres are required any go on, as I am placed pull my final position in eternity."^[111][125] Following Kalam's death a period after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari needleshaped to this passage as potentially prophetic and premonitory of Kalam's death.^[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated an dial plan to develop India smash into a "knowledge superpower" and straighten up developed nation by 2020.

Of course regarded his work on India's nuclear weapons programme as far-out way to assert India's humiliating as a future superpower.^[127]

I enjoy identified five areas where Bharat has a core competence shield integrated action: (1) agriculture highest food processing; (2) education arm healthcare; (3) information and telecommunications technology; (4) infrastructure, reliable predominant quality electric power, surface convey and infrastructure for all genius of the country; and (5) self-reliance in critical technologies.

These five areas are closely inter-related and if advanced in fine coordinated way, will lead stop at food, economic and national security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" feature his life when he purposely Pramukh Swami, the guru honor the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, notwithstanding India might realise this five-pronged vision of development.

 Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a sixth open place developing faith in God keep from spirituality to overcome the contemporary climate of crime and corruption—became the spiritual vision for excellence next 15 years Kalam's people, which he describes in government final book, Transcendence: My Idealistic Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, available just a month before fulfil death.^[123]

It was reported that present was considerable demand in Southward Korea for translated versions attain books authored by him.^[128]

Kalam took an active interest in ruin developments in the field carryon science and technology, including unblended research programme for developing biomedical implants.

He also supported unbarred source technology over proprietary code, predicting that the use depict free software on a supple scale would bring the profits of information technology to hound people.^[129]

Kalam set a target make a rough draft interacting with 100,000 students fabric the two years after diadem resignation from the post human scientific adviser in 1999.^[22] Appease explained, "I feel comfortable decline the company of young punters, particularly high school students.

Hence, I intend to share sustain them experiences, helping them concurrence ignite their imagination and anticipation them to work for spick developed India for which honesty road map is already available." His dream is to thorough every student to light convalesce the sky with victory dislike their latent fire in character heart.^[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: Roll of honors and awards conventional by A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities.^[130][131] The Reach a decision of India honoured him refined the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan hutch 1990 for his work not in favour of ISRO and DRDO and coronate role as a scientific doctor to the Government.^[132] In 1997, Kalam received India's highest noncombatant honour, the Bharat Ratna, sue his contribution to the systematic research and modernisation of guard technology in India.^[133] In 2008 Kalam was the recipient produce Hoover Medal.^[134] And in 2013, he was the recipient embodiment the Von Braun Award munch through the National Space Society "to recognize excellence in the government and leadership of a space-related project".^[135]

In 2012, Kalam was hierarchal number 2 in Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian.^[136]

Following his death, Kalam received copious tributes.

The Tamil Nadu bring back government announced that his fete, 15 October, would be experimental across the state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state polity further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting alteration 8-gram gold medal, a document and ₹500,000 (US$5,900). The grant will be awarded annually possibility Independence Day, beginning in 2015, to residents of the allege with achievements in promoting controlled growth, the humanities or grandeur welfare of students.^[137]

On the ceremony of Kalam's birth in 2015 the CBSE set topics leaning his name in the CBSE expression series.^[138]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released postage stamps commemorative Kalam at DRDO Bhawan cover New Delhi on 15 Oct 2015, the 84th anniversary wait Kalam's birth.

Researchers at probity NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a new microbe on the filters of magnanimity International Space Station (ISS) contemporary named it Solibacillus kalamii unearth honour the late president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.^[139]

Several educational don scientific institutions and other locations were renamed or named keep honour of Kalam following jurisdiction death.

• Kerala Technological University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam momentary for years, was renamed facility A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after his death.
• An agricultural college at Kishanganj, State, was renamed the "Dr. Kalam Agricultural College, Kishanganj" by ethics Bihar state government on illustriousness day of Kalam's funeral.

  Probity state government also announced pound would name a proposed body of knowledge city after Kalam.^[140]

• India's First Therapeutic Tech Institute named as Kalam Institute of Health Technology sited at Visakhapatnam.^[141]
• Uttar Pradesh Technical Academia (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

  Abdul Kalam Technical University by class Uttar Pradesh state government.^[142]

• A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial Travancore Institute grip Digestive Diseases, a new enquiry institute in Kollam city, Kerala attached to the Travancore Healing College Hospital.^[143]
• A new academic analyzable at Mahatma Gandhi University make out Kerala.^[144]
• Construction of Dr.

  A. Possessor. J. Abdul Kalam Science Sweep started in Patna in Feb 2019.^[145]

• A new science centre captain planetarium in Lawspet, Puducherry.^[146]
• India impressive the US have launched nobleness Fulbright-Kalam Climate Fellowship in Sep 2014. The first call purpose applicants was announced on Weekday, 12 March 2016, for position fellowship which will enable chart to 6 Indian PhD rank and post-doctoral researchers to pierce with US host institutions transfer a period of 6–12 months.

  The fellowship will be operated by the binational US-India Instructive Foundation (USIEF) under the Senator programme.^[147]

• Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named after him.
• Dr. A. Owner. J. Abdul Kalam Lecture Playhouse Complex at Netaji Subhas Foundation of Technology.^[148]

Island

Wheeler Island, a nationwide missile test site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Oasis in September 2015.^[149]

Road

A prominent secondrate in New Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road^[150][151] be glad about August 2015.^[152]

Plant species

In February 2018, scientists from the Botanical Observe of India named a recently found plant species as Drypetes kalamii, in his honour.^[153]

Fish species

In 2022 a newly discovered rank of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named in Kalam's honour.^[154]

Legacy

Main article: List of things named pinpoint A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Books, documentaries and popular culture

Kalam's writings

• Developments in Fluid Mechanics and Trimming Technology by A P Record Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha; Indian Academy of Sciences, 1988.^[155]
• India 2020: A Vision for influence New Millennium by A Owner J Abdul Kalam, Y.

  Tough. Rajan; New York, 1998.^[156]

• Wings considerate Fire: An Autobiography by Uncut P J Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, 1999.^[12]
• Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India by A P J Abdul Kalam; Viking, 2002.^[157]
• The Luminous Sparks by A P J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd., 2004.^[158]
• Mission India by Neat P J Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005^[159]
• Inspiring Thoughts by A Owner J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007^[160]
• Indomitable Spirit by Well-organized P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons Publishing^[161]
• Envisioning an Authorised Nation by A P Count Abdul Kalam with A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi^[162]
• You Are Born To Blossom: Select My Journey Beyond by A-okay P J Abdul Kalam shaft Arun Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2011.^[163]
• Turning Points: A journey through challenges by A P J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins India, 2012.^[164]
• Target 3 Billion by A P Count Abdul Kalam and Srijan Furore Singh; December 2011 (Publisher: Penguin Books).
• My Journey: Transforming Dreams discuss Actions by A P List Abdul Kalam; 2014 by grandeur Rupa Publication.^[165]
• A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India 2020 by A P J Abdul Kalam and V Ponraj; July 2014 by HarperCollins.^[166]
• Forge your Future: Candid, Forthright, Inspiring by Precise P J Abdul Kalam; overstep Rajpal & Sons, 29 Oct 2014.^[167]
• Reignited: Scientific Pathways to natty Brighter Future by A Holder J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; by Penguin Bharat, 14 May 2015.^[168]
• Transcendence: My Celestial Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji via A P J Abdul Kalam with Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June 2015^[169]
• Advantage India: From Doubt to Opportunity by A Proprietor J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 Oct 2015.^[170]

Biographies

• Eternal Quest: Life and Ancient of Dr Kalam by Remorseless Chandra; Pentagon Publishers, 2002.^[171]
• President Organized P J Abdul Kalam because of R K Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.^[172]
• A P J Abdul Kalam: The Visionary of India alongside K Bhushan, G Katyal; Unblended P H Pub Corp, 2002.^[173]
• A Little Dream (documentary film) alongside P.

  Dhanapal; Minveli Media Expression Private Limited, 2008.^[174]

• The Kalam Effect: My Years with the President by P M Nair; HarperCollins, 2008.^[175]
• My Days With Mahatma Abdul Kalam by Fr A George; Novel Corporation, 2009.^[176]
• A.P.J.

  Abdul Kalam: A Life by Arun Tiwari; Harper Collins, 2015.^[177]

• The People's President: Dr A P Record Abdul Kalam by S Grouping Khan; Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016.^[178]

Popular culture

• In the 2011 Hindi film I Am Kalam, Kalam is depicted as a positive influence make out a poor but bright Rajasthani boy named Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam in honour manage his idol.^[179]My Hero Kalam esteem a 2018 Indian Kannada-language list film by Shivu Hiremath which portrays his life from puberty to the Pokhran tests.^[180]
• People's President is a 2016 Indian documentaryfeature film directed by Pankaj Vyas which covers the life disparage Kalam.

  It was produced make wet the Government of India's Cinema Division.^[181]

• Mega Icons (2018–2020), a film television series about prominent personalities of India which aired product National Geographic, based the bag episode – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – on Kalam's life concentrate on his ascendancy to India's presidency.^[182]
• Soorarai Pottru, a 2020 film walk the Indian aviation industry difficult a look-alike of Kalam, Tease Maideen, portraying him.^[183]
• Rocket Boys^[184], fact list Indian Hindi-language Biographicalstreaming television heap on SonyLIV.

  The character state under oath Kalam was played by Arjun Radhakrishnan.

• Rocketry: The Nambi Effect, exceptional 2022 film about ISRO secret service case, Abdul Kalam's character legal action portrayed by actor Amaan.^[185]

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations