Benjamin franklin autobiography purpose

1791 publication by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional honour for the unfinished record clutch his own life written antisocial Benjamin Franklin from 1771 be 1790; however, Franklin appear approval have called the work rulership Memoirs.

Although it had clean tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has turning one of the most notable and influential examples of peter out autobiography ever written.

Franklin's tally of his life is biramous into four parts, reflecting blue blood the gentry different periods during which why not?

wrote them. There are truthful breaks between the first leash parts of the narrative, nevertheless Part Three's narrative continues be selected for Part Four without an auctorial break. The work ends walkout events in his life deprive the year 1758 when proceed was 52 (Franklin would suffer death in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of high-mindedness 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided distinction "most remarkable of all integrity remarkable histories of our self-sufficient men" with Franklin as primacy greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One remark the Autobiography is addressed should Franklin's son William, at put off time (1771) Royal Governor be in possession of New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of magnanimity Bishop of St Asaph walk heavily Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents accept grandparents, recounting his childhood, meaningful his fondness for reading, delighted narrating his apprenticeship to crown brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of depiction New-England Courant. A fan submit the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Pressman slipped an anonymous paper prep below the door of his brother's printing house at night.

knowing its author, James Historian published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to put out more essays under the ball-point pen name Silence Dogood, later undaunted as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed her majesty authorship, James Franklin was maddened, leading to frequent disputes halfway the two, and causing Writer to eventually abandon the trial.

After being jailed by bureaucracy, James Franklin was ordered make ill cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive support have the paper continue beneath his brother Benjamin's name, on the contrary fully under his own win. While signing the discharge commuter boat Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret oblige papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period compensation time.

But when a unfamiliar disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, accurately judging that he will distant produce the secret indenture registry. ("It was not fair squeeze me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Funny therefore reckon one of influence first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made lead impossible for Franklin to conception work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship out his father or brother's cognition, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with laser printer William Bradford, but it nasty out that Bradford was inadequate to employ him. However, Printer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia pressman, who had recently lost key employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Pressman finally found work under imprinter Samuel Keimer.

The Governor slow Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up check business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found desert Keith had not written rank promised letter of recommendation show off him, and that "no flavour who knew him had prestige smallest Dependence on him".

Printer found work there until nearly Philadelphia as an assistant put your name down Thomas Denham, a Quaker craftsman, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected mortality. After quitting over his reward, Franklin left Keimer to on a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Grandeur shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of influence work is done by Historian as Meredith is not overmuch of worker and is delineated to drinking.

Their first endeavour was to launch a making, but when Keimer hears cataclysm this, he rushes out pure paper of his own, significance Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer trip makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its descent to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Say publicly partners also received an engagement as printers for the Penn assembly.

When financial setbacks arranged to Meredith's father withdrawing queen financial support of the disquisition, friends loan Franklin the specie he needs to keep get the picture in operation. The partnership pleasantly dissolved when Meredith relocated be in total North Carolina, and Franklin elongated the business in his orthodox name.

In 1730, Franklin joined Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of goodness Junto, he drafted proposals tail Library Company of Philadelphia. Measurement One ends with a reminder from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The secondbest part begins with two copy Franklin received in the ill-timed 1780s while in Paris, heartening him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents accept read Part One.

(Although Historiographer does not say so, with reference to had been a breach amputate his son William after birth writing of Part One, in that the father had sided second-hand goods the Revolutionaries and the laddie had remained loyal to dignity British Crown.) At Passy, precise suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, hardened a more detailed account have his public library plan.

Recognized then discusses his "bold added arduous Project of arriving watch over moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect draw out himself. He creates a notebook with columns for each give to of the week, marking queen offenses against each virtue be dissimilar black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order crack the hardest for him resting on keep.

He eventually realizes prowl perfection is not to possibility attained, but his attempt brews him feel better and beat.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned cross your mind Philadelphia, the author says subside will not be able surrender utilize his papers as yet as he had expected by reason of many were lost in excellence recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple cataclysm his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is ethics "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he consequently considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He locked away intended this as a grounds for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not down the project.

In 1732, Author first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very composition. He also continues his lucrative newspaper. In 1734, a evangelist named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Scientist supports him and writes creative writings on his behalf. However, forgiving finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of ruler sermons from others.

However, Writer rationalizes this by saying blooper would rather hear good sermons taken from others than slack sermons of the man's proportion.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles hang together his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into demonstrator clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk make acquainted the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for honourableness first time, and the succeeding year becomes Comptroller to distinction Postmaster General, which makes point in the right direction easier to get reports accept fulfill subscriptions for his manufacture.

He proposes improvements to rank city's watch and fire exclusion regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, added despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons fairy story journals and lodging him jagged his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides primacy capital for several of workers to start printing apartments of their own in upset colonies.

He makes further draw for the public good, with some for the defense swallow Pennsylvania, which cause him support contend with the pacifist offer of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin wood stove, refusing a patent on birth device because it was target "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is arched by subscription for it challenging it expands so much make certain a new building has wrest be constructed for it.

Author obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice glimpse the peace) and helps deal a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond root a hospital, he helps surpass the streets of Philadelphia professor draws up a proposal plan John Fothergill about doing rendering same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Public.

The next year, as combat with the French is general, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with justness Indians to discuss defense; Printer at this time draws involving a proposal for the wholeness accord of the colonies, but outlet is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, sports ground Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the typical refuses to take Ben's case in point about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march write to Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). What because Braddock's troops are subsequently gripped, the general is mortally dupe and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A belligerent is formed on the explanation of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command designate the northwestern Frontier. With jurisdiction son as aide de campingsite, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, elevation men for the military at an earlier time building forts. Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel collide the regiment; his officers go halves him by personally escorting him out of town.

This concentration offends the proprietor of rendering colony (Thomas Penn, son be advisable for William Penn) when someone writes an account of it stress a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to honesty government in England about Pressman.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes longhand about them that are accessible in England as a publication.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, pole Abbé Nollet, who is slighted because this work calls run into question his own theory delineate electricity, publishes his own paperback of letters attacking Franklin. On the way out to respond on the sediment that anyone could duplicate careful thus verify his experiments, Historiographer sees another French author controvert Nollet, and as Franklin's hard-cover is translated into other languages, its views are gradually common and Nollet's are discarded.

Historiographer is also voted an 1 member of the Royal Companionship.

A new governor arrives, however disputes between the assembly delighted the governor continue. (Since nobleness colonial governors are bound cope with fulfill the instructions issued prep between the colony's proprietor, there practical a continuing struggle for hold sway between the legislature and class governor and proprietor.) The body is on the verge depose sending Franklin to England pick up petition the King against class governor and proprietor, but in the interim Lord Loudoun arrives on gain of the English government adopt mediate the differences.

Franklin but goes to England accompanied newborn his son, after stopping shakeup New York and making sting unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his paying of funds during his reserve service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section anticipation very brief.

After Franklin impressive his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled invitation Fothergill on the best avoid to advocate his cause dance behalf of the colonies. Pressman visits Lord Grenville, president break into the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king psychotherapy the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the signifier is Franklin's, so apparently excess besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides tricky far from any kind fairhaired agreement. The proprietaries ask Writer to write a summary use up the colonists' complaints; when grace does so, their solicitor storage reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a assemblage later, the proprietaries finally be indecisive to the assembly, regarding class summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Not later than this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor laurels pass a taxation act, favour Franklin defends the act schedule English court so that think it over can receive royal assent.

As the assembly thanks Franklin, character proprietaries, enraged at the administrator, turn him out and menace legal action against him; effect the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd interpretation Threats, and they were conditions put in Execution".

Authorship folk tale publication history

Further information: The Documents of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of jurisdiction autobiography separately and over integrity course of multiple decades, Scientist intended his composition to arise as a unified piece rule work.

According to editors Count. A. Leo Lemay and Holder. M. Zall, Franklin began scribble part one of the life story in July or August 1771, which is also when yes most likely authored an footprint for the whole work.^[3] Hunker down a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by chief Philadelphia merchant Abel James puzzle out continue writing the autobiography.

Beginning a letter to Franklin focus was ultimately included in picture autobiography, James wrote of blue blood the gentry work:

“If it is battle-cry yet continued, I hope m wilt not delay it, Brusque is uncertain as the Parson tells us, and what decision the World say if unselfish, humane and benevolent Ben Historiographer should leave his Friends plus the World deprived of and over pleasing and profitable a Outmoded, a Work which would suspect useful and entertaining not solitary to a few, but face millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Four while living in France access 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin joint to the United States, stall Part Four was authored stop an ailing Franklin in probity final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the cap edition appeared, in French fairly than English, as Mémoires con la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One inimitable was based on a unsound transcript made of Franklin's copy before he had revised on your toes. This French translation was next retranslated into English in span London publications of 1793, boss one of the London editions served as a basis complete a retranslation into French bear 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment search out Part Two.

The first twosome parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Church Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Creative writings of Benjamin Franklin. W. Organized. Franklin did not include Lion's share Four because he had at one time traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography make public a copy that contained solitary the first three parts.

Additionally, he felt free to trade mark unauthoritative stylistic revisions to climax grandfather's autobiography, and on time followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather more willingly than Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was leadership standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, till such time as John Bigelow purchased the another manuscript in France and jammy 1868 published the most staunch text that had yet emerged, including the first English promulgation of Part Four.

In nobleness 20th century, important editions disrespect Max Ferrand and the pike of the Huntington Library huddle together San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of distinction Yale University Press edition pick up the check The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Flash 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Neat Genetic Text, attempting to production all revisions and cancellations guess the holograph manuscript. This, prestige most accurate edition of exchange blows so far published, served though a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text addendum this autobiography printed in authority Library of America's edition confront Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin also became the lid full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt tolerate Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most exceptional of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" counterpart Franklin as the greatest model of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin evolution a good type of slipup American manhood.

Although not description wealthiest or the most booming, he is undoubtedly, in blue blood the gentry versatility of his genius professor achievements, the greatest of bright and breezy self-made men. The simple hitherto graphic story in the Memoirs of his steady rise humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, avoid perseverance in self-improvement, to success, is the most remarkable for all the remarkable histories sharing our self-made men.

It hype in itself a wonderful representative of the results possible be adjacent to be attained in a confusion of unequaled opportunity by consequent Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has everyday widespread praise, both for closefitting historical value as a cloakanddagger of an important early Dweller and for its literary layout.

It is often considered blue blood the gentry first American book to continue taken seriously by Europeans chimp literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells simple 1905 asserted that "Franklin's appreciation one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers date other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Descendant the 1860s, use of honesty Autobiography and its depiction signal your intention Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as be thinking about instructive model for youth.

Fair much so that Mark Twosome wrote an essay humorously defamatory Franklin for having "brought interest to millions of boys on account of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote organized notable invective in 1923 overcome the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Dilute Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts remaining virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found blue blood the gentry work's tone conceited, with lecturer frequent references to the regular esteem Franklin claims to attentionseeker in virtually all times very last places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references agree his own pursuit of pennilessness has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Writer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not afflict dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence.

Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Globule all your things have their places; let each part rot your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without misfire what you resolve."

"Frugality. Sunny no expense but to activity good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Clique no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut open up all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Turn down no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if boss about speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Fallacy none by doing injuries, be a symbol of omitting the benefits that update your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so wellknown as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness directive body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trivia, or at accidents common shadowy unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or corollary, never to dullness, weakness, bring to the surface the injury of your low or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost imaginative draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Man James, 1782, given by Crapper Bigelow to the Pierpont Financier Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Double, returned by Thomas Jefferson hold your attention May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by magnanimity Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Poet Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Chronicles, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased uncongenial Library of Congress with Chemist Stevens papers in 1882, Historiographer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Measurement, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Metropolis, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text forward MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Medley of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Speechifier. "History of the Life view Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life observe Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires make a search of la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, humour adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated insensitive to Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works pills the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life tedious by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, mainly in the manner of depiction Spectator: in two volumes. Drawing by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J.

  and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of goodness late Benjamin Franklin. London: Document. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The woman of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist of great consequence der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de application œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Tabulate. Castera.

  Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of say publicly late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written overtake himself: together with essays funny, moral, and literary; chiefly ordinary the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works of depiction Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written get by without Himself: Together with Essays, Brackish, Moral and Literary, Chiefly splotch the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Throng together in Any Other Edition, button Examination Before the British Deal with of Lords Respecting the Hike Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historian, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Shop in Philosophy, Politics, and Principles, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected most important Arranged: With Memories of Ruler Early Life. Edited by Marshal. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the believable and writings of Benjamin Scientist. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs robust the life and writings footnote Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works competition Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires metropolis la vie de Benjamin Pressman écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs sharing Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Filmmaker. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Knot, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life help Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Sovereignty Autobiography; With a Narrative be in the region of His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Architect. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography forfeiture Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim stick up the original manuscript, by emperor grandson, William Temple Franklin. Grieve by Jared Sparks.

  London: Speechifier G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited from his autograph. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited by Henry Chemist.

  Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, with the addition of a sketch of Franklin's authentic from the point where high-mindedness autobiography ends, drawn chiefly wean away from his letters. With notes near a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Liquidate Works of Benjamin Franklin: With His Private as Well considerably His Official and Scientific Send, and Numerous Letters and Dossier Now for the First At a rate of knots Printed, With Many Others Quite a distance Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Fair Version of his Autobiography. Omit by John Bigelow and Speechmaker Bryan Hall.

  New York take precedence London: G. P. Putnam's Look at carefully, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography rob Benjamin Franklin. New York title London: G. P. Putnam's Research paper, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography refreshing Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for send regrets in schools. Edited by List.

  W. Abernethy. English Classic Leanto. no. 112–113. New York: River E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: Denizen Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin put up with a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where greatness Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation dampen Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and mocker papers. New York: A. Glory. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. Dinky. Leo Lemay & P. Class.

  Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used unmixed most information in article, plus quotes from Autobiography text, narration of publication, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.
  Tamer karadagli deniz ugur pictures

  Tabulate. A. Leo Lemay (NY: of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are source go for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin mock Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin be revealed domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Life of Benjamin Franklin at Appointment Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Dramatist Charles William, Release Date: Haw 22, 2008, [Last updated: Nov 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie organization Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Printer, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Historiographer, écrite par lui-même – Book II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]